One of the largest art museums in the world and the former residence of the Romanov czars, the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia, is in the historical center of the city.
Composed of five buildings, the Hermitage hosts about 3 million items dating from the Stone Age to the present, including old masters’ paintings. But it’s much more than a museum; it’s also an architectural work of art.
In 1754, Empress Elizabeth of Russia commissioned architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli to design the Winter Palace, a sumptuous baroque-style residence that took more than eight years to build. Catherine the Great then expanded the building and transformed much of the baroque interiors into neoclassical designs, the architectural fashion at the time.
Catherine was also interested in art, and new buildings in neoclassical styles surfaced next to the royal residence to house her impressive art collection. Successively, the Small Hermitage, the Great Hermitage, the Hermitage Theatre, and the New Hermitage emerged. Completed in 1795, the new array of buildings along with the palace became known as “Hermitage” (from the French “retreat”).
Each building and each room of the Hermitage is an architectural marvel. The exterior of the Winter Palace is a masterpiece of Russian baroque architecture, with its abundance of molded decorations, featuring golden stucco.
Most interiors are in the neoclassical style, as shown in St. George’s Hall, a large state hall with Corinthian pink marble columns and patterned floors. Other highlights of the complex include the Pavilion Hall with Gothic, Oriental, and Renaissance elements; the Raphael Loggias gallery with frescoes inspired by the Vatican Palace; and the Auditorium in the French Rococo style.
The buildings that hold archeological and artistic masterpieces are themselves great works of art.
Ariane Triebswetter
Author
Ariane Triebswetter is an international freelance journalist, with a background in modern literature and classical music.