William Harlow Reed (1848–1915) was the eldest of 10 children born to Scottish parents. Born in Connecticut at the start of the California Gold Rush, he grew up hearing stories about western expansion, Indian fights, great discoveries of natural fortunes and fossils, and battles of the Civil War. He ran away from home several times to volunteer with the Union Army.
His first job was with the Union Pacific Railroad. He was hired to remove snow to make way for the rail lines. His expertise with a rifle, however, was soon noticed, and he was sent to hunt food for the workers and ward off Indians.
Jurassic Fossils
Reed contacted Othniel C. Marsh, professor of paleontology at Yale College. Their working relationship would last, for better and worse, throughout Marsh’s lifetime. Marsh sent several crews to help Reed excavate the area. Reed soon became disgruntled with Marsh’s late payments, tardy and often unreliable equipment, insubordinate crew members, and the lack of recognition for his work. He resigned his position with Marsh in 1883, though he kept in contact and occasionally sent him specimens.Throughout the following decade, Reed sent fossils and bones to various institutions around the world, including to Marsh and to the new University of Wyoming. In 1894, he joined Wilbur Clinton Knight, professor of geology at the University of Wyoming, where most of his findings were collected. He signed an exclusive contract in 1896, and the following year he was named assistant geologist and curator of the museum at the University of Wyoming.
Reed not only made a name for himself in the world of paleontology, despite never receiving a formal education in the sciences, but he also elevated his university to prominence. Between 1896 and 1899, he collected approximately 10,000 specimens for the university, making it second only to Yale for the world’s largest collection of American Jurassic vertebrae fossils.
A Giant Brontosaurus
Approximately 30 miles from where the Brontosaurus giganteus bone fragment was found, Reed discovered a toe bone that, after excavating the rest of the area, belonged to a nearly intact skeleton of a Diplodocus. The discovery and assembly of the skeleton, which was placed in the Carnegie Museum, was so groundbreaking that heads of state all across the globe desired to have their own version made. Carnegie hired Italian statuary makers and had replicas of the Diplodocus made and sent to museums in Berlin, Bologna, Buenos Aires, St. Petersburg, Madrid, Mexico City, Munich, Paris, and Vienna. The skeletal statue became known as Diplodocus carnegii and can be seen at the front of many natural history museums.In its inaugural year of 1908, Reed was inducted into the American Society of Vertebrate Paleontologists (now the Paleontological Society). During his near 40 year career as a paleontologist, or a “fossil hunter” as he called himself, he discovered thousands of specimens from the Jurassic period, including cycads, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, pterosaurs, dinosaurs, and mammals. His findings can be found in museums all over the world.