SYDNEY/BEIJING/HELSINKI—In Thailand, you cannot have food or water in flight and must wear a mask, while in Malaysia and Indonesia, the plane needs to be half-empty.
In the United States and Europe, it’s not mandatory for airlines to leave the middle seat open.
Measures to stem the spread of COVID-19 have changed how people travel, as Beijing resident Feng Xueli, 26, found when she took a domestic flight this month. The aircraft was full—which is allowed under Chinese rules.
“We needed to wear a mask during the flight and there were PA announcements basically asking for our cooperation with these anti-virus measures put in place, which made me a bit nervous,” Feng said. “You also need to go through a lot of temperature checks and security checks when you leave the airport.”
Travelers, airlines, and airports are grappling with a hodgepodge of rules put in place during the pandemic that will make flying different in almost every country.
“When flying restarts, you are already working against the clock. There is still a latent fear of travel,” says Subhas Menon, head of the Association of Asia Pacific Airlines. “It’s not going to be such a smooth passage when you travel because of all of the measures that are going to be introduced.”
A little more than a year after uneven national responses to the grounding of the Boeing 737 MAX, the industry is once again facing piecemeal regulation.
The last trigger for such widespread changes in the way airlines operate was the 2001 attacks in the United States, which ushered in new security measures.
“People globally have understood the security requirements that came after 9/11. We would like to see that kind of standardization of protocols,” said Boeing Vice President Mike Delaney, who leads the company’s Confident Travel Initiative.
Onboard service is changing too. Business-class meals, once a selling point for premium carriers hiring celebrity chefs, have been reduced to pre-packaged items on carriers, including Emirates, Air Canada, and British Airways.
Automation is also increasing, as carriers such as Qantas Airways encourage online check-ins to limit passengers’ contact with staff and other fliers.
Empty Middle Seat?
On the airplane, one of the biggest debates has been over whether middle seats should be empty.That would limit airplanes to two-thirds of their normal capacity, not enough for most airlines to make a profit without increasing fares.
Afif Zakwan, 20, recently took a Malaysia Airlines domestic flight that was exempt from the requirement to fly half-empty.
He said he was comfortable being on a full domestic flight, but would not consider flying internationally for now.
“As more and more people travel for whatever reason, confidence and the power of word of mouth experiences will shape the ... recovery,” said Mayur Patel of travel data firm OAG Aviation.
An official at the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau says the issue of an open middle seat, which could create unfair advantages if applied unevenly, is “controversial.”
“It’s crucial that countries where flights depart coordinate their responses with countries where they arrive,” said the official, who wasn’t authorized to speak publicly.
Despite the call for common standards, some nations are applying their rules just to airlines registered in their country, while others are applying them to foreign carriers.
U.S. carriers are among those requiring passengers and crew to wear facial coverings, and have also endorsed temperature checks.
In Europe, airlines are largely resisting calls to leave the middle seat empty but have publicized other changes designed to reassure passengers.
“You have to remember an aircraft is not the natural place to do social-distancing. You need to mitigate the health risks by other means, and facial masks are a good example of those means,” Finnair Chief Executive Topi Manner told Reuters.
