President Joe Biden has approved an emergency declaration for the state of Louisiana to help tackle saltwater intrusion in the Mississippi River that has been threatening drinking water supplies in the region.
Emergency protective measures—under the Public Assistance program limited to temporary measures that address reduced water treatment capability due to saltwater intrusion—will be provided at 75 percent federal funding for a maximum period of 90 days.
“As a result of the historic drought throughout the Mississippi River Valley, the rate of freshwater flowing down the Mississippi River has been dramatically low, allowing an intrusion of saltwater from the Gulf of Mexico to make its way upriver,” he said.
The Democrat governor said that Plaquemines Parish is already being affected by the intrusion, while other parishes—St. Bernard, Jefferson, and Orleans—are projected to be impacted over the next month.
“This 90-day approval of our Emergency Declaration will help our state and local partners with the costs of any mitigation efforts and protective measures.
“As this event unfolds, we will continue to analyze the emergency efforts and impacts to determine if further requests will be necessary,” he added.
An extended lack of rainfall in Louisiana and across the Mississippi River Valley in recent months has caused the rate of freshwater flowing down the Mississippi River to decline, while saltwater from the Gulf of Mexico has quickly started to creep in.
The river’s flow is typically sufficient to prevent saltwater from moving far upstream. But for the second year in a row, hot and dry weather has lowered the Mississippi River’s flow, allowing a denser, heavier layer of saltwater from the gulf to force its way upstream.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), high concentrations of salt consumption may cause people to develop nausea, vomiting, inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, thirst, muscular twitching, convulsions, and “possibly death.”
Multiple communities in south Louisiana, including New Orleans, rely on the river’s freshwater for everything from drinking to cleaning, with their water intake treatment facilities located along the river.
Officials are addressing the issue in multiple ways, including heightening an existing sill—an underwater levee used to block or slow the wedge of salt water—and bringing in 15 million gallons of freshwater for residents in impacted areas.