The Rise of the Young, Disillusioned Recluse

The Rise of the Young, Disillusioned Recluse
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John Mac Ghlionn
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From Osaka to Ontario, Houston to Hong Kong, an increasing number of young people are retreating from society. The reasons for the mass withdrawal are as varied as they are disturbing.
In Japan, the issue of social withdrawal among young individuals has become so severe that the Japanese have coined a term for it: hikikomori (hiki, “to withdraw,” and komori, “to remain inside”). This sociocultural phenomenon is having a drastic impact on Japanese society; at the time of writing, an estimated 1.5 million citizens have completely withdrawn from society. Many of these individuals are young people, in their 20s and 30s. They have essentially walled themselves off from the outside world.
Some 600 miles away, in South Korea, 350,000 people between the ages of 19 and 39 now live “reclusive,” “lonely” lives, according to a recent Ministry of Gender Equality and Family (MOGEF) report. Again, many of those affected are in their 20s and 30s. They tend to live in tight, confined spaces, be disconnected from broader society for prolonged periods of time, and display noticeable difficulties in living more normal lives. Rather worryingly, 40 percent of the affected begin their isolation in adolescence. A number of factors have contributed to the phenomenon, including financial difficulties, increased social media use, and various mental health issues.

The problem of social isolation is also rampant in China, including Hong Kong. Dr. Andrew Adler, a psychologist and the founder of the Adler Family Centre in Hong Kong, has witnessed the devastating effects of hikikomori firsthand.

“Social isolation among young adults in Hong Kong is an increasing problem, based on my experience with a wide range of clients from varied backgrounds,” says the Yale-educated therapist. Adler sees two main reasons for this phenomenon:

1. Many young individuals struggle with social anxiety, or significant nervousness in a variety of social situations. As a result, suggests Adler, “they tend to isolate themselves from others to avoid the specific social situations that increase their anxiety.”

2. Many others, meanwhile, are depressed, “as they often feel down, sad and irritable. These feelings, among others, result in decreased motivation to interact with others and lead to increased social isolation.”

Moreover, Adler believes “many young people who are struggling with social anxiety and depression, including those who are not, have been greatly affected by two recent societal issues”—not just in Hong Kong, but all around the world.

The first, he says, involves “the several years of limitations resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.” This includes the almost instant switch to online education, as well as limited access to venues for socializing. These measures, he adds, “have understandably decreased the frequency of in-person social interactions.”

Second, in this hyper-competitive world, “the increasing demands of work and competitive culture have increased negative stress for many. Taken together, these situations have further isolated and decreased the motivation of many young people.” They are exhausted, disillusioned, and pessimistic about the future.

All of this leaves us asking what, if anything, can be done?

In the abovementioned South Korea, the government has decided to throw money at the problem. Young reclusive men and women are now being offered 650,000 Korean won per month (roughly $485) to re-enter society. Although the Korean government deserves praise for its willingness to address the growing problem, one can’t help but question its “solution.” Money, as the old saying goes, can’t buy you happiness. It can, of course, put you on the path to happiness. However, as Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, developed 80 years ago, clearly shows, the need for esteem, purpose, and some type of meaning in life is of fundamental importance. Offering people extrinsic rewards to re-enter society isn’t advisable. A person must be motivated from within. Throwing money at a psychological problem is likely to end in absolute failure.

The only way to address the hikikomori phenomenon sweeping the globe is by raising awareness of the issue, by speaking directly to the people affected. Heightened awareness of parents and teachers, as well as early identification of potential risks, followed by referrals to appropriate mental health specialists, is the only way to challenge the ever-growing crisis. Around the world, millions of young people have lost the desire to engage in social interactions. To change the way they see the world, we must reach out to them, on a human level, and offer them the assistance they so desperately need.

Views expressed in this article are opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of The Epoch Times.
John Mac Ghlionn
John Mac Ghlionn
Author
John Mac Ghlionn is a researcher and essayist. He covers psychology and social relations, and has a keen interest in social dysfunction and media manipulation. His work has been published by the New York Post, The Sydney Morning Herald, Newsweek, National Review, and The Spectator US, among others.
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