HONG KONG—China’s plan to tighten scrutiny over mainland companies’ overseas share sales is likely to ease the regulatory uncertainty that roiled financial markets this year and stalled offshore listings, bankers and analysts said.
But the securities regulator’s new filing-based system, designed to rein in once freewheeling Chinese listings in the U.S. market and elsewhere, leaves open questions about rule enforcement and compliance criteria, they added.
“The new rules represent a comprehensive, systemic and market-oriented regulatory upgrade,” investment bank China International Capital Corp. (CICC) said in a note, but added they contain “some items that need further observation, and clarification.”
The China Securities and Regulatory Commission published draft rules late on Friday requiring filings by companies seeking offshore listings under a framework to ensure they comply with Chinese laws and regulations.
Companies using a so-called variable interest entity (VIE) structure will still be allowed to seek offshore listings as long as they are compliant, removing uncertainty for investors who feared China would block such listings.
That risk loomed large after Didi Global Inc.’s U.S. listing in July sparked a major regulatory backlash from Chinese officials, who were concerned over national security.
The VIE structure has been used by most overseas-listed Chinese tech companies, such as Alibaba and JD.com, to skirt Chinese restrictions on foreign investment in certain sectors.
Uncertainty over the future of VIE structures, coupled with China’s regulatory crackdowns in major sectors such as e-commerce and tutoring, has bashed shares in offshore-listed Chinese companies this year.
Regulatory Coordination
Reaction to the new rules will be seen Monday when the U.S stock market resumes trade after closing on Friday for the Christmas holiday. Hong Kong stocks will resume trading on Tuesday.The planned filing-based system is also expected to ease uncertainty by calling for closer coordination between the securities regulator and various industry regulators, such as the cyberspace watchdog.
“The issuance of the draft rules shows that major communication obstacles have been removed between different regulatory bodies,” said Ming Jin, managing partner at Chinese boutique investment bank Cygnus Equity.
But it remains unclear how the rules would be enforced and compliance determined, especially when a VIE structure is used to circumvent foreign investment restrictions, the CICC note said.
The investment bank added that even if a company plans a Hong Kong listing, which would pose no risk to national security, “we still suggest the issuer voluntarily contact the Cyber Administration of China (CAC) for its nod” before going to the securities regulator.
The new rules cover all types of offshore share sales, including initial public offerings, secondary listings, backdoor listings, and flotation via Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs).
Winston Ma, adjunct professor at NYU Law School, stressed that cross-border data security had become critical in the global digital economy and was a main driver for the latest move.
“As such, under the proposed new rule, cybersecurity review must be completed before the (security regulator’s) clearance process,” Ma said.
Public consultation on the draft rules will remain open until Jan. 23.
