Census Bureau to Miss Apportionment Deadline

The U.S. Census logo appears on census materials received in the mail with an invitation to fill out census information online in San Anselmo, California, on March 19, 2020. Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

The Census Bureau announced it will miss a statutory deadline on Dec. 31 for handing in the numbers used to apportion congressional seats.

In a statement on Wednesday, the bureau said that it continues to process the data collected from the census and plans to deliver a “complete and accurate state population count for apportionment in early 2021, as close to the statutory deadline as possible.”

“The schedule for reporting this data is not static. Projected dates are fluid,” the bureau added.

“Data collection is just one part of producing a complete and accurate 2020 Census. Since mid-October, Census Bureau experts have been hard at work on processing the data,” it noted. “As issues that could affect the accuracy of the data are detected, they are corrected. This important process, which has been a part of every decennial census, is critical to produce data that can be used for apportioning seats in the House of Representatives among the states.”

Congress implemented the apportionment Dec. 31 deadline four decades ago. Existing law requires the Commerce Department to submit the collected data to Congress that determines how many seats in Congress each state gets by Dec. 31. The president then is required to send Congress in early January a report with the population of each of the states and their entitled number of House districts.

The Commerce Department oversees the Census Bureau, which conducts the once-a-decade census. The Census Bureau’s announcement marks the first time since four decades ago that the Dec. 31 deadline will be missed.

“The delay suggests that the census bureau needs more time to ensure the accuracy of census numbers for all states,” Terri Ann Lowenthal, a former congressional staffer who specializes in census issues, told The Associated Press.

In addition to being used to help decide how many House seats each state gets, the census is used for determining how some $1.5 trillion in federal funding is distributed annually.

President Donald Trump signed an order on apportionment in July to exclude illegal aliens from the calculations used to apportion congressional seats. They are based on data from the population survey conducted during the 2020 Census.

The order was challenged in several lawsuits around the country by state and local governments. They argued that Trump, a Republican, was attempting to interfere with the count and prevent Democratic-leaning areas from gaining congressional seats.

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But the Supreme Court ruled earlier this month that their challenge was premature because they couldn’t demonstrate any concrete injury they might suffer. The ruling apparently leaves open the possibility of further challenges in the future and acknowledges that the Trump administration may have difficulty implementing its policy.

A general view of the Supreme Court building in Washington, on Nov. 10, 2020. Hannah McKay/Reuters

The Census Bureau hasn’t publicly revealed how it plans to determine who is in the country illegally since the Supreme Court last year prohibited a citizenship question from being added to the census questionnaire.

After the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) virus pandemic caused the Census Bureau to suspend field operation in the spring, as well as caused hiring shortages, it asked Congress for extensions, including one that would push the deadline for handing in the apportionment numbers from the end of the year to next spring.

The proposal to extend the apportionment deadline passed the Democrat-controlled House, but the Republican-controlled Senate ultimately didn’t take up the request.

A coalition of municipalities and advocacy groups sued the Trump administration after the Census Bureau in August announced a new plan that would seek to meet the original Dec. 31 apportionment deadline.

The plaintiffs argued the count was shortened by the Commerce Department so that census data-crunching happened while Trump was still in office, and they said it would cause minorities to be undercounted. They also worried that the shortened field operations and data processing would jeopardize the count’s accuracy and completeness. Bureau statisticians have been given only half the time originally planned to crunch the numbers.

An appellate court panel decided to uphold the Dec. 31 deadline, saying that just because the year-end deadline is impossible to meet doesn’t mean the court should require the Census Bureau to miss it. The Justice Department, arguing for the Census Bureau, said that complaints about the time line should be raised with Congress, which can extend the statutory deadline.

“Contrary to what Plaintiffs may think, the Bureau is not free to disregard a statutory deadline in pursuit of some ethereal notion of a better census,” Justice Department lawyers said in a court filing.

Matthew Vadum and The Associated Press contributed to this report.