The killing of Gen. Qassim Soleimani, the head of Iran’s elite Quds Force, by the United States could be a political game-changer inside an Iraq that recently saw anti-government protests that included calls for Iran to stop meddling in the country, according to Middle East political analysts.
“He had carried a lot of political weight and influence among the Iranian regime’s regional proxies and political allies. His death comes at a time when Iraq is divided and in the process of electing a new prime minister,” said Bazzi.
Soleimani’s political power inside Iraq was visible—the day after anti-government protests erupted in Iraq, Soleimani flew into Baghdad late at night and took a helicopter to the heavily fortified Green Zone where he surprised a group of top security officials by chairing a meeting in place of the prime minister.
The arrival of Soleimani, the architect of Iraq’s regional security apparatus, signaled Tehran’s concern over the protests, which had erupted across the capital and in Iraq’s Shiite heartland and included calls for Iran to stop meddling in the country.
“We in Iran know how to deal with protests,” Soleimani had told the Iraqi officials, according to two senior officials familiar with the meeting who spoke to Associated Press on condition of anonymity to discuss the secret gathering. “This happened in Iran and we got it under control.”
Explaining the political significance of Soleimani’s death, Kanishkan Sathasivam, a political analyst and Director at William H. Bates Center for Public & Global Affairs at Salem State University, told The Epoch Times that the military commander was “easily the most dangerous individual in the entire greater Middle East, and his death is far more significant and impactful than taking down the leaders of al-Qaeda or ISIS.”
Sathasivam said the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) “folks” will now pressure the Iraqi government to break diplomatic relations with the United States and expel American forces from Iraq.
“But I would also highlight the fact that there have been several large demonstrations in Iraq and Syria and even inside Iran celebrating Soleimani’s death. He was very much a hated figure for a lot of people. And the recent anti-government demonstrations inside Iraq routinely included anger specifically aimed at Soleimani.
“So this could energize anti-Iran Shia in Iraq. In Iran, the regime will have no choice but to try and find a way to retaliate in a manner equally high profile,” said Sathasivam.
Joseph A. Kechichian, a senior fellow at the King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, told The Epoch Times that Soleimani’s death can also change the way the pro-American Iraqi military operates.
“A significant weakening of the pro-Iranian Shi'ah leadership that will now have to strengthen its nationalist credentials instead of playing the Tehran fiddle. Moreover, the military, very much dependent on the United States, will also enhance its credentials and, perhaps, play a large role in political affairs,” explained Kechichian, an author of several books on the Middle East.
Ali Baker, an Ankara, Turkey-based political analyst with Carnegie Middle East, also confirmed Kechichian’s viewpoint. “Iraq and its security forces will be less constrained to sort out these internal things with the absence of Soleimani. Many Iraqi officials are personally tied to him.
Upcoming Parliamentary Elections
Political analysts say the outcome of the upcoming Iraqi parliamentary elections is now extremely uncertain and there are multiple factors that could play a role. Soleimani’s death could have some impact because of the role he was playing in curbing the recent anti-government protests.“The outcome of the next parliamentary elections will be more attached—in my opinion—to the protests of the Iraqis that erupted in the last couple of months of 2019.
“These protests were clearly objecting to the foreign influence and interference,” said Baker adding that the “new Iraqi government would represent the ambitions and hopes of the Iraqis and not the Iranian interests.”
Bazzi gave another political dimension to the recent developments that all started with the Dec. 27 killing of a U.S. contractor in an attack on an Iraqi military base by Kata’ib Hezbollah.
“In fact, the death of the American contractor may or may not have been intentional. Was Tehran seeking to merely harass U.S. forces or trigger a major crisis as a prelude for its allies in the Iraqi parliament to demand the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq?
“Tehran, for sure, would like to see the withdrawal of U.S. forces from the region, but especially from Iraq and the Gulf,” said Bazzi.
Kechichian, however, believes that Soleimani’s death will have a low impact on the awaited Iraqi elections and that if it happens it would benefit another dormant faction.
“Marginal impact as the overwhelming majority will continue to play its sectarian preferences. If Iran is sidelined in Iraq, which is a possibility though premature to affirm at this time, the upcoming elections might also strengthen the relatively dormant Kurdish hand,” said Kechichian.
Political Gains for the US
Experts say Soleimani’s killing creates both political leverage and challenges for the Trump administration inside Iraq because the United States’ long term interest is with the Iraqis.“Beyond eliminating one of its most notorious foes, someone who seldom hid his disgust with everything American, Washington will be called upon to navigate with caution as its long-term interests are with the Iraqi people.
“The latter remained wary of American intentions, and may not have forgotten that it was the Obama Administration’s pro-Iranian policies that handed their country to Tehran on a silver plate before the Trump Administration turned the table upside down. Will Iraqis trust Americans again and can the U.S. afford to forego the confidence of so many?” said Kechichian.
Baker said it is hard to predict how the situation will develop for the United States inside Iraq, but it is true that the Iraqi people need the support of the United States.
“On the tactical level, the U.S. move might seem to be problematic with regards to relations with Iraq, however, it could offer Iraq a window to act against the Iranian influence at the right time due to the absence of Soleimani. It will be hard to predict how things will evolve in such an environment, but there is no doubt that Iraq still needs the U.S. right now,” he said.
Bazzi said Trump has opportunities to explore inside Iraq. “Now that he’s out of the picture, the Trump administration can push for its preferred candidate(s) and encourage a shift in the country towards Washington and away from Tehran,” said Bazzi.
However, Bazzi also cautioned that since Iran and its proxies have vowed revenge—they would also use political means to do so inside Iraq.
“Evidently, the killing of Gen. Qasem Soleimani has hardened the Iranian regime’s stance. Tehran and its allies are unambiguous about their desire for revenge. This will lead the regime to retaliate politically by rallying its supporters in Iraq to push, via parliamentary legislation, diplomatic pressure and popular protests, for the exit of U.S. troops from the country,” Bazzi concluded.
