New research is revealing surprising things about the virus that causes COVID-19 and how humans react to it, including a study that finds the antibodies we develop after infection may last much longer than new reports led us to previously believe.
In other words, some of the symptoms people experience from COVID-19 are a result of the shape of the coronavirus’s spikey shell rather than the specific actions the virus produces in the cells it invades.
The researchers arrived at this conclusion by creating a cell surrounded by spike (S) protein without a virus and then testing it on Syrian hamsters.
They administered the spike protein to the hamsters’ lungs and found it was enough to cause damage and inflammation. The experiment was replicated in the lab using cell cultures.
ACE2 is a protein on the surface of many cell types that plays several roles in the body and has the unfortunate quality of binding with SARS-CoV-2 and allowing it entry into the cell. The data showed that when the S protein attached to the ACE2 receptor, it disrupted signaling to the mitochondria and caused damage and fragmentation.
Senior co-author of the study Uri Manor explained that the S protein receptor was enough to damage vascular cells “by virtue of its ability to bind to this ACE2 receptor.” Some of the long-haul symptoms of COVID-19 may be related to such vascular damage.
In other words, even without entry into the cell, the spike shell caused problems, possibly by blocking the ACE2 receptor from doing the work it was supposed to be doing.
Evidence Suggests COVID Antibodies May Last Years
In the study, the researchers began with the understanding that protective antibodies are generated by long-lived bone marrow plasma cells. They noted that research in 2020 reported people who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed a rapid decline in serum antibodies in the first few months after infection.As the researchers expected, the levels of antibodies in the blood dropped quickly within the first month. However, some of the participants had detectable antibodies even after 11 months.
The testing also showed 78 percent of the bone marrow samples had antibody-producing cells for SARS-CoV-2. Researchers also tested bone marrow of 11 people who had never had COVID-19. In their bone marrow samples, there were no antibody-producing cells.
“Overall, we show that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a robust antigen-specific, long-lived humoral immune response in humans,”concluded the researchers.
Humoral and Cellular Immunity: What’s the Difference?
There are two main areas of your immune system. The first is the innate immune response that has physical and cellular responses to pathogens. The purpose is for an immediate reaction to help prevent the spread of foreign bodies throughout the body.Innate immunity is nonspecific and uses natural killer cells, macrophages, mass cells, and basophils at the cellular level, as well as skin, cough reflex, and membranes on a physical level.
Within the adaptive immune response are humoral and cellular immunity. Antibodies are part of humoral immunity. The humoral system is first on the scene to deal with foreign pathogens that are circulating or outside of infected cells. Cellular immunity is mediated by T lymphocytes and addresses pathogens inside infected cells.
The media reported that natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2 declined after a person recovered from the infection because levels of humoral immunity measured in the bloodstream decline as the person recovered. However, this decline is a natural response to any infection and is expected.
Recent data from the research into bone marrow immune cells demonstrates that while circulating humoral antibodies decline after an active infection, a high percentage of those who had been infected with mild disease continue to produce low levels of immune cells that would recognize the virus if the person was infected again and mount a significant defense against it.
Doctor Warns if You Had COVID, Don’t Get Vaccinated
One international survey of 2,002 people found those who had recovered from a COVID-19 illness and received their first dose of the vaccine experienced “significantly increased incidence and severity of side effects.”These side effects included fever, breathlessness, and severe effects that led to hospitalized care.
Retired cardiac surgeon Dr. Hooman Noorchashm, a strong proponent of vaccination programs, has raised concerns about the unprecedented nature of the COVID vaccination program, including the fact that public health authorities are recommending people who have recovered from COVID still get vaccinated. He believes that questions should be asked about specific vaccines and their potential side effects.
COVID Vaccine Deaths Exceed All Other Vaccines Over 15 Years
During a recent Texas state Senate Health and Human Services Committee hearing, Dr. Peter McCullough, vice chief of internal medicine at Baylor University Medical Center, testified that according to available data, early treatment could have prevented up to 85 percent of deaths from COVID-19.Currently, health authorities have decided that more than 4,200 deaths from the COVID vaccine is either coincidental or inconsequential. When you consider the numbers, the death toll is 7,000 percent greater from the COVID-19 vaccine than during the swine flu vaccination campaign, which was canceled because the vaccine was deemed too risky.
Death Rate May Rise This Fall and Winter
Although deaths from COVID-19 vaccines have already reached a historic level, I fear this may go even higher during the fall and winter months. One of the greatest wild cards of these vaccines is antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) or paradoxical immune enhancement (IPE).Fall and winter months are when most coronavirus infections occur, whether those are from SARS-CoV-2 or other coronaviruses responsible for the common cold. If ADE does turn out to be a common problem, then vaccinated individuals may be at higher risk for severe COVID-19 illness and a potentially lethal immune reaction due to pathogenic priming.