New Jobless Claims Fall for 5th Straight Week Amid US Labor Market Strength

Workers build the 2020 Ford Explorer at Ford's Chicago Assembly Plant in Chicago, Ill., on June 24, 2019. Kamil Krzaczynski/Reuters

The number of initial jobless claims—a measure of Americans who applied for unemployment benefits—fell for the fifth straight week in early January, pointing to ongoing labor market strength.

Initial claims for state unemployment benefits fell by 10,000 to a seasonally adjusted 204,000 for the week ended Jan. 11, the Labor Department said on Thursday (pdf). Economists polled by Reuters expected claims would rise to 216,000 in the latest week, while those surveyed by MarketWatch forecast an even higher print of 220,000.

The better-than-expected initial claims figures are an encouraging sign for the U.S. economy, which saw slowing job growth in December.

The U.S. economy created 145,000 jobs last month after adding 256,000 positions in November, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said.

The four-week moving average of initial jobless claims, which smooths out week-to-week volatility and is considered by some to be a more reliable indicator, fell 7,750 to 216,250 last week.

4-Week Moving Average of Initial Jobless Claims [IC4WSA]. U.S. Employment and Training Administration / FRED

The number of continuing claims, which reflect people already collecting unemployment benefits, dropped by 37,000 from the previous week’s revised level to 1,767,000 for the week ending Jan. 4. The previous week’s level was revised up 1,000 from 1,803,000 to 1,804,000, the highest level since April 2018.

The 4-week moving average for seasonally-adjusted continuing claims was 1,755,500, an increase of 10,500 from the previous week’s revised average.

4-Week Moving Average of Continued Claims (Insured Unemployment) [CC4WSA]. Source: Source: U.S. Employment and Training Administration / FRED

Thursday’s report said that the total number of people claiming benefits in all programs for the week ending Dec. 28 was 2,176,319 (not seasonally adjusted). This represents an increase of 372,523 from the previous week. A comparable week in 2018 shows there were 2,106,889 people claiming benefits in all programs.

Tight Labor Market

The labor market has continued to create jobs at a steady pace, despite some evidence of worker shortages.

A recent employment report from the National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) shows that in December, finding qualified workers was the top problem for nearly a quarter of 10,000 business owners polled.

“The inability to assemble work teams is a key contributor to the comparably lackluster performance of the construction industry as evidenced by the December figures,” said NFIB Chief Economist William Dunkelberg. “Owners are raising compensation in order to attract more qualified applicants to fill open positions.”

The report showed near historic highs in the percentage of small business owners who raised or are planning to raise worker compensation.

This graph shows near historic highs in the percentage of small business owners who raised or are planning to raise worker compensation. NFIB

The Federal Reserve also noted tight labor market conditions, which could explain the slowdown in job growth in December.

“Most Districts cited widespread labor shortages as a factor constraining job growth, and, in a few cases, business expansion,” the Federal Reserve said in its Beige Book published on Wednesday.

Manufacturing added only 46,000 jobs in 2019 compared to 264,000 in 2018. The Institute for Supply Management’s measure of national factory activity dropped in December to its lowest level since June 2009.

Hiring at construction sites increased by 20,000 jobs in December. Government employment rose by 6,000 jobs and could accelerate in the coming months amid increased hiring for the 2020 Census. There were increases in leisure, hospitality, financial activities, education, healthcare, retail, and wholesale trade employment last month.

Professional and business services added the fewest jobs since January. The transportation and warehousing industry lost 10,400 jobs, and mining and logging shed 9,000 positions.

Reuters contributed to this report.