NEW YORK—COVID-19 vaccine maker Novavax Inc. on Tuesday raised doubts about its ability to remain in business and announced plans to slash spending as it works to prepare for a fall vaccination campaign, and its shares plunged more than 25 percent.
The company said there is significant uncertainty around its 2023 revenue, funding from the U.S. government, and pending arbitration with global vaccine alliance Gavi. But its cash flow forecast indicates it has sufficient capital to fund operations over the next year.
The company lost $182 million, or $2.28 per share, in the fourth quarter on weaker-than-expected sales of $357 million. Analysts had expected sales of $383 million, according to Refinitiv data.
The company said the U.S. government did not extend its agreement with Novavax beyond December 2023, putting some of the remaining $416 million in that deal at risk.
Novavax also said that depending on the outcome of its arbitration with Gavi, it could be required to refund all or a portion of the roughly $700 million it received from the group, meant to pay for doses of the company’s COVID vaccine for low- and middle-income countries.
Novavax’s shares closed at $9.26 on Tuesday and fell to $6.90 in extended trading after reporting on its financial situation.
“If we execute on our operating plan, we'll be in a very strong position not only at the end of this year, but going into next year,” Novavax’s new Chief Executive John Jacobs, who joined the company in late January, said in an interview.
Novavax had $1.33 billion of cash on hand at the end of 2022.
However, Jacobs cautioned that there are risks in the near term to that operating plan, including the fact that protein-based vaccines like Novavax’s take longer to produce than their messenger RNA-based competitors.
Companies will need to change their vaccine each year to match circulating strains as required by regulatory agencies, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
“We don’t know what the strain selection is yet from FDA. We don’t know what global health authorities may want from a regulatory standpoint on how the new vaccine needs to look,” Jacobs said. “The sooner we know that, the more clarity we have on our path forward.”
The CEO said the company has been spending at a “hot rate,” and plans to cut back, likely including job cuts.
“We’re in the process of assessing the global footprint of Novavax, rationalizing our supply chain, rationalizing the portfolio and rationalizing the company structure and our infrastructure,” he said.
Looking at All Options
Novavax is looking at all options that properly value its technology, pipeline, and manufacturing capabilities on three continents, from partnerships to licensing deals to “different types of deals that could be much more significant,” the CEO said.The COVID-19 vaccine is Novavax’s first marketed product, after more than 35 years in business. The rollout of the shot was plagued by manufacturing snags, regulatory delays, and sluggish uptake.
As the company worked to develop the COVID-19 vaccine, its market value surged to over $20 billion. The company’s shares have since lost more than 97 percent of their value, resulting in a market capitalization of less than $800 million.
Jacobs said outside of the United States, Novavax has over $2 billion worth of signed contracts with governments that the company intends to collect on. He said the company was in discussions with those governments to collect on those deals through 2024.
In the United States, where the Novavax vaccine was authorized in July 2022, only around 80,000 of its shots have been administered. The company hopes to take advantage of a shift away from government contracts into the commercial market expected to happen this autumn.
Jacobs said that while Novavax’s vaccine may take longer to manufacture than its rivals from Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna, he believes FDA regulators want a protein-based option this fall for U.S. citizens.
“They made it very clear that they see it as critical in the United States to have options on the different types of vaccines,” he said.
The company also said it hired Elaine O’Hara as its chief strategy officer, and reorganized its executive leadership team. It said Filip Dubovsky would lead research and development for the company, replacing Gregory Glenn.
