LONDON—The downturn in eurozone manufacturing activity eased again last month suggesting the worst may be over, according to a survey that showed price pressures slackened and the fall in demand moderated, driving a surge in optimism.
S&P Global’s final manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) climbed to a five-month high of 48.8 in January from December’s 47.8, in line with a preliminary reading but still below the 50 mark separating growth from contraction.
An index measuring output, which feeds into a composite PMI due on Friday that is seen as a good guide to economic health, registered 48.9, its highest since June and an improvement from December’s 47.8. It was nevertheless its eighth straight sub-50 reading.
“Although euro area manufacturers continued to report falling output and deteriorating order books in January ... the picture is considerably brighter than the lows seen back in last October heading into the winter,” said Chris Williamson, chief business economist at S&P Global.
“Not only has the rate of output decline moderated now for three consecutive months, but business optimism about the year ahead has also surged higher over the past three months.”
An index measuring new orders moved up closer to the breakeven mark and factories increased headcount at a faster pace. This was reflected in the future output index which jumped to 58.2 in January from 53.8, an 11-month high.
The eurozone eked out growth in the final three months of 2022, managing to avoid a recession, as gross domestic product expanded 0.1 percent in the fourth quarter, data from Eurostat showed on Tuesday, outperforming expectations in a Reuters poll for a 0.1 percent drop.
That outperformance was despite sky-high energy costs and rising interest rates taking a heavy toll on the economy.
Although the PMI’s input prices index fell last month the index reflecting output prices rose slightly—but still remained firmly below levels seen over much of the past two years.
That will likely be welcomed by policymakers at the European Central Bank who have struggled to bring inflation, which official data later on Wednesday is predicted to show was 9.0 percent last month, anywhere close to their 2 percent target.
On Thursday those policymakers are expected to announce another 50 basis-point increase to the Bank’s deposit rate and follow that up with another 50 basis-point lift in March, a recent Reuters poll found.
